数量词a lot of、much、many、a little、a few

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数量词a lot of、much、many、a little、a few

2024-07-14 05:02| 来源: 网络整理| 查看: 265

目录 a lot of Much Many a little a few How much How many

本次我们来学习表达数量的副词。

我们先开始学可数名词和不可数名词。

我们在第4文章已经见过,名词可以为可数名词或不可数名词。

可数名词是指能以数目来计算,可以看成为个体的东西或人,因此用数目进行计数。例如:

one table

two tables

three tables

你要注意他们都有复数形式。

不可数名词是指我们视其为一个整体而不是单一对象,不可以分成个体的物质材料、液体或其他东西。例如:

water

milk

work

它们都是不可数名词,因此没有复数形式,所以我们不能对其使用数字。

a lot of

现在,我要教你如何使用今天将学习的第一个数量副词:"a lot of"。

它可以和可数名词和不可数名词一起使用。通常使用在肯定句子中,表达一个或者较大的数目。

注意看这些带有不可数名词的例子:

There's a lot of snow in Finland.(芬兰的雪很多)

Don't  worry! We have a lot of time.(别担心,我们还有很多时间)

It cost a lot of money to stay at the hotel.(住酒店花费昂贵)

现在看几个带有可数名词的例子:

There are a lot of saunas in Finland.(芬兰有非常多的桑拿浴)

It's a very big city and there are a lot of new bulidings.(它是一座很大的城市,并且有很多新的建筑)

She plays a lot of instruments.(她演奏很多种乐器)

Much

现在我们学习如何使用"Much"。

"Much"和不可数名词一起使用,并用来表达数量大的事物,通常用在否定句和疑问句中。例如:

Is there much unemployment in Portugal?(葡萄牙失业率很高吗)

Does he have much work to do?(他有很多工作要做吗)

We don't have much money.(我没有太多的钱)

There isn't much work at the moment.(目前没有很多工作)

We have some coffee, but not much.(我们有一些咖啡,但不是很多)

There is some petrol in the car, but not much.(汽车里有一点汽油,但不是很多)

She knows some English ,but not much.(她懂一点英语,但不是很多)

Many

现在是时候来学习如何使用"many"。

"Many"和可数名词一起使用,目的是表达一个大的数目。通常也使用在否定句和疑问句中。例子:

Do you have many brother and sisters?(你有很多兄弟姐妹吗)

Are there many people in your company?(这儿公司有很多人吗)

There aren't many films I like.(很多电影我都不喜欢)

He doesn't have many friends.(他没有很多朋友)

They have some videos, but not many.(他们有几部影片,但不是很多)

There are some cigarettes, but not many.(有几根烟,但不是很多)

He has some friends , but not many.(他有一些朋友,但不是很多)

I have some photographs, but not many.(我有一些照片,但不是很多)

现在我们来看看"a little"和"a few"。

a little

我们来学习如何使用它们,从"a little"开始。

我们把"a little"和不可数名词一起使用,目的是为了表达较小的数目。

它可以被用在肯定式和否定式句子中,并且通常不用在问句中。

看这些例子:

I don't drink beer, I only drink a little wine now and again.(我不喝啤酒,只偶尔喝一点葡萄酒)

We have a little milk in the fridge, but not much.(我们在冰箱有一点牛奶,但是不多)

There is some petrol in the car, but only a little.(我们在汽车里有一点汽油味道,但只有一点)

She knows some English, but only a little.(她懂一点英语,但只是一点)

你也可以不带定冠词"a"来使用单词"little",但是单词的意思会变得更加否定。

看以下这些例子:

We have a little money in the bank, so we're NOT poor.(我们在银行有些钱,也就是说,我们不是穷人)

We have little money in the bank, so we're poor.(我们在银行的钱很少,也就是说,我们是穷人)

a few

现在,我要教你如何使用"a few"。

"a few"与可数名词一起使用,目的是为了表达一个小数目。例如:

I have a few biscuits, if you world like one.(如果你想吃的话,我有些饼干)

There are a few problems with this computer.(这台电脑有一点问题)

They have some videos, but only a few.(他们有些影片,但只有很少几部)

There are some people in the room, but only a few.(厅里面有些人,但只有很少几个)

不使用冠词"a"会使句子意思改变。看这些例子:

They have few problems, so they're happy.

(他们问题不多,也就是说,他们很幸福。意味着他们没有很多问题)

They have a few problems, so they are NOT very happy.

(他们有一些问题,也就是说,他们不是很幸福。意味着他们有少量问题)

最后,要教你怎样询问数目。

我们来看"how much"和"how many"。

How much

像你猜到的那样,我们将"how much"和不可数名词用在一起。例如:

How much money do you have on you?(你身上带了多少钱)

How much luggage are you taking to England?(你带多少行李去英国)

How much milk is there in the fridge?(冰箱里有多少牛奶)

How much time do we need?(我们需要多少时间)

How many

我们将"how many"和可数名词同用。看这些例子:

How many planets are there in the solar system?(在我们的太阳系中有多少颗行星)

How many flamenco records do you have?(你有多少张佛拉明戈的光盘)

How many cases are you taking to England?(你带多少个行李去英国)

How many people do you know here?(这里你认识多少人)

How many of your students are women?(你学生中有多少人是女性)

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